Eccentricity
The conductor sitting off-centre inside the insulation, so one side of the wall is thin. A dielectric weak spot and a spark-test risk.
Resources
The vocabulary of the line, and what a pilot needs.
A glossary of the defects and process terms Draweon's agents work with, the standards the reasoning layer cites, and the inputs a plant brings to a pilot baseline. No white papers or calculators are published yet; this page is the reference we actually have.
Standards the reasoning layer cites
- UL: wire and cable product standards
- IEC: international cable and conductor standards
- IPC: cable and harness assembly standards
- USCAR: automotive wiring standards
- Your construction specs, draw schedules and quality procedures
Retrieval is tenant-isolated and every answer carries its citation.
Glossary
Twelve terms
The defects and process terms that appear throughout the site.
Concentricity
How centred the conductor is in the wall, usually the ratio of minimum to maximum wall. Extrio holds it; Eddix measures and predicts it.
Neckdown
A local thinning of the insulation or the conductor. On extrusion it follows a melt-pressure or speed step; on drawing it precedes a break.
Lump
A local thickening of the insulation, often from contamination or a melt surge. Caught by laser gauge and cameras.
Spark fault
A breakdown of the insulation under the spark tester's voltage. The fault exists before the tester finds it, which is what Eddix predicts.
Pinhole
A tiny void or hole through the insulation. A field-escape risk that rarely shows in a diameter trace.
Birdcaging
Strands separating and bulging out of a stranded conductor, from tension or lay faults. Cablyn predicts and prevents it.
Lay length
The distance along the conductor for one full twist of a strand. It decides flexibility, diameter and electrical behaviour.
Give-away
Polymer or copper used beyond nominal to stay safely above the minimum. Money the plant pays for margin it could hold with better control.
Die wear
The gradual opening of a drawing die. It changes diameter and tension and raises break risk until the die is changed.
Genealogy
The record of a reel: conductor lot, draw and anneal record, lay, wall trace, defect map, approvals and release decision.
Takt
The pace the line must hold to meet the order plan. Yield-and-Takt balances it against downstream capacity and energy.
Pilot baseline
What a plant brings to the first meeting
The inputs for a baseline agreed in writing.
About the line
- Line type and the constructions it runs
- Controllers, gauges, testers and cameras installed, with interfaces
- MES or quality system and how reels are recorded
- Shift pattern and who approves process changes
About the losses
- Breaks per shift and minutes lost per break
- Give-away as a percentage of nominal
- Spark faults, downgrade and reject metres per month
- Energy per reel
- Changeover time and ramp scrap per construction change
Reading
Where to go next
The pages that explain the mechanics.
Six layers, one loop
How the plant-edge runtime, orchestrator, agents, twin and cloud loop fit together.
How software is allowed to touch a line
The write path, the audit record and the data governance.
Three labelled walk-throughs
What a pilot on extrusion, drawing or inspection would do and measure.
Writing on cable making and autonomy
Why the line still runs on feel, autonomy as a dial, hit spec before the first metre.
Typed tools, declared limits
The SDK and CLI design previews.
Per line, per plant, per group
Tiers, the comparison table and the arithmetic a plant runs.
Run timeline · scenario
One scenario run, step by step
Every Draweon run is an ordered, inspectable sequence. This is run_3d7a1e on EX-3 · 2.5 mm² class 2 PVC building wire. Scenario completes in 10 steps with one approval gate. Wall settles at 0.80 mm nominal, minimum 0.66 mm, concentricity 0.93, no spark faults, reel R-30417 released with full genealogy.
run_3d7a1e
EX-3 · 2.5 mm² class 2 PVC building wire
illustrative scenario
SUCCEEDED
-
01
ingest.order
SUCCEEDED
0.6 s
Plant Orchestrator · Pulled the construction spec for 2.5 mm² class 2 PVC building wire from MES: 7 × 0.67 mm conductor, 0.80 mm nominal wall, 0.62 mm minimum spot wall, 6 kV spark test, 48 km order. Locked the target envelope.
-
02
twin.simulate
SUCCEEDED
41 s
Line Twin · Simulated 36 candidate recipes on the as-run line twin for draw schedule, lay length and extrusion setpoints, ranked on wall variance, concentricity, predicted spark risk and polymer give-away.
-
03
draw.tension
SUCCEEDED
1 m 48 s
Draw-and-Anneal · Capstan tension on RB1 stepped down 6% as the die-wear estimate crossed its threshold. Diameter held at 0.670 mm ± 0.004 mm and the break-risk score fell from 0.31 to 0.09.
-
04
anneal.current
SUCCEEDED
54 s
Draw-and-Anneal · Annealer current trimmed against the live conductivity reading to hold the softness target without over-anneal through the speed change.
-
05
strand.lay
SUCCEEDED
1 m 12 s
Strand-and-Cable · Lay length set to 28 mm on bunching line ST2 with payoff tension balanced across 7 spools. Roundness index held above 0.97 into the extrusion payoff.
-
06
extrude.wall
SUCCEEDED
2 m 36 s
Insulate-and-Jacket · Screw speed and zone 3 temperature re-cut against melt pressure and material-lot moisture. Wall settled at 0.80 mm nominal, minimum 0.66 mm, concentricity 0.93.
-
07
inspect.fuse
SUCCEEDED
continuous
Defect-and-Inspect · 6 cameras, the laser gauge, the eddy-current head and the spark tester fused at the edge. One neckdown precursor at 12,480 m flagged and cleared by a screw-speed trim before it reached the reel.
-
08
approve.human
APPROVAL
38 s
Plant Orchestrator · Line-speed ramp 1,100 to 1,250 m/min exceeded the site autonomy threshold. Held for the shift process engineer and approved at 06:41:52.
-
09
reel.change
SUCCEEDED
2 m 05 s
Robot-and-Handling · Reel change on take-up TU3 planned and executed by the handling robot. Payoff aligned and tension re-established inside the changeover window.
-
10
reel.release
SUCCEEDED
1 m 10 s
Quality-and-Conformance · Reel R-30417 released: genealogy written (conductor lot, draw and anneal record, lay, wall and concentricity trace, defect map, approvals) and checked against the construction spec.
Autonomy
Four levels, set per agent and per tag
A plant does not go from manual to unattended in one step. Draweon makes the level explicit, auditable and reversible at any time. The first release runs shadow mode, then assist mode, then graduated autonomy.
| Level | What the agent does | What the human does | Where it sits in a pilot |
|---|---|---|---|
| L1 · Advisory | Recommends setpoints and explains why, with citations | Enters every change manually | Shadow mode, weeks 1 to 3 |
| L2 · Supervised | Proposes a write; it executes on approval | Approves each write in the review console | Assist mode, weeks 4 to 8 |
| L3 · Bounded | Writes inside tag, rate and magnitude limits | Approves ramps, die changes and reel release | Graduated autonomy, from week 9 if the plant is satisfied |
| L4 · Unattended | Runs the envelope without prompting | Sets the envelope; reviews the shift record | Planned; after qualification on the construction |
Accelerated computing
Physical AI, at the die train
Conductor moves at over a thousand metres a minute. Perception has to be local, deterministic and fast, so Draweon runs GPU inference at the plant edge and keeps training, simulation and optimisation in the cloud or on-prem.
Edge perception
4 to 12 cameras per line plus laser, eddy-current and spark streams fused at the line. Sub-50 ms alerting and sub-250 ms bounded control are the design targets. Jetson Thor is planned for higher sensor density.
Model serving
Vision, time-series, anomaly and quality models behind one orchestrator at the plant edge, with canary rollout by line and fallback to the previous validated version.
Training
Defect classifiers, sensor-fusion models, time-series prognostics and cable-process reasoning models trained on reel telemetry and engineer corrections. Dedicated training capacity is planned.
Line twin
As-run drawing, stranding, extrusion, thermal and tension simulation. Physics-informed surrogates are planned so recipes can be optimised at production cadence.
Synthetic data
Rare spark, pinhole, eccentricity, neckdown and break variants generated and validated against real gauge, spark and vision distributions before promotion. Planned.
Optimisation
Line sequencing, reel changeovers, energy allocation, takt and constrained setpoint proposals.
Robot handling
Spool, reel and payoff and take-up motion planned and validated in simulation before it runs next to moving conductor.
FAQ
Straight answers
The questions plant directors and process engineers ask in the first meeting.
Yes, but only within an explicit tag allow-list with per-tag rate and magnitude limits, and only at the autonomy level your plant has set. Level 1 is advisory: Draweon recommends and a human enters everything. Design partners start there, in shadow mode, before supervised writes.
Control returns to the line controller's last known-good state. Draweon is a supervisory layer on top of the PLCs and gauges you already run, never a replacement for them, so an outage degrades the line to its current way of running, not to a stop.
Advisory recommendations start from the physics-based twin and the construction spec in the first weeks. Defect prediction and break prediction improve as line history and labelled events accumulate per construction. The first training sets are sized at 5 to 20 million labelled frames and events, a design target.
Only if you choose cloud training. Recipes, process models and defect libraries are isolated per tenant and never used to train another customer's models. A fully on-prem deployment at the plant edge is available for sensitive producers.
You are, the same as with any control strategy, which is why every write is policy-checked, bounded, logged and reversible, and why anything above your risk threshold waits for a named approver. The audit log records the request, the reasoning, the limits applied and the human decision.
A paid pilot on one line, scoped to a single workflow with a baseline agreed in writing. Weeks 1 to 3 are connection and shadow-mode observation, weeks 4 to 8 are assist mode with engineer approval, and bounded autonomy follows if the plant is satisfied with the recommendations.
Get started
Bring the inputs, we bring the baseline
Start with one drawing, stranding or extrusion line and one measurable baseline. A paid pilot on wall and concentricity, break prediction or spark prediction shows the number before you commit further.